Electromagnetic
Signal and Information Theory
This research direction focuses on unveiling the fundamental limits of communication systems, derived
from electromagnetic principles, and developing electromagnetically consistent communication
models, signal processing techniques, and optimization algorithms. By bridging classic information
theory with advanced electromagnetic wave propagation models, we aim to design new communication and
sensing strategies for next-generation wireless networks. A key emphasis of our work is characterizing
the degrees of freedom (DoF), capacity limits, and beamforming designs for spatially continuous
apertures, i.e., continuous aperture arrays (CAPAs), as well as exploiting near-field spherical wave
properties. Through rigorous mathematical modeling and optimization, we strive to unlock unprecedented
spatial multiplexing gains, high-resolution sensing capabilities, and enhanced physical layer
performance in future wireless systems.
Magazine and Tutorial
- Electromagnetic Signal and Information Theory: A Continuous-Aperture Array Perspective
Z. Wang, C. Ouyang, K. R. R. Ranasinghe, S. S. A. Yuan, G. T. F. de Abreu, E. Björnson, and Y. Liu
arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.12910, 2026
- A Primer on Near-Field
Communications for Next-Generation Multiple Access
C. Ouyang, Z. Wang, Y. Chen, X.
Mu, and P. Zhu
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2026
- CAPA: Continuous-Aperture Arrays for Revolutionizing
6G Wireless Communications
Y. Liu, C. Ouyang, Z. Wang, J. Xu, X. Mu, and Z. Ding
IEEE Wireless Communications, 2025
Communication Systems
- 1-bit Quantized Continuous Aperture Arrays
K. R. R. Ranasinghe, G. Rexhepi, Z. Wang, G. T. F. de Abreu
arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.01780, 2026
- Mutual Coupling in Continuous Aperture Arrays:
Physical Modeling and Beamforming Design
Z. Wang, K. R. R. Ranasinghe, G. T. F. de
Abreu, and Y. Liu
arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.11225, 2026
- Beamforming Design for Continuous
Aperture Array (CAPA)-Based MIMO Systems
Z. Wang, C. Ouyang, and Y. Liu
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2026
- Doubly-Dispersive Continuous MIMO Systems: Channel
Modeling and Beamforming Design
K. R. R. Ranasinghe, Z. Wang, H. S. Rou, G. T. F.
de Abreu, and E. Björnson
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2026
- Flexible Continuous Aperture Arrays
K. R.
R. Ranasinghe, Z. Wang, G. T. F. de Abreu, and E. Björnson
arXiv preprint
arXiv:2511.09244, 2025
- Linear Receive Beamforming for
CAPA Systems
C. Ouyang, Z. Wang, X. Zhang, and Y. Liu
IEEE Transactions on
Wireless Communications, 2025
- Diversity and Multiplexing for
Continuous Aperture Array (CAPA)-Based Communications
C. Ouyang, Z. Wang, X.
Zhang, and Y. Liu
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2025
- Optimal Beamforming for Multi-User
Continuous Aperture Array (CAPA) Systems
Z. Wang, C. Ouyang, and Y. Liu
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2025
- Beamforming Optimization for Continuous
Aperture Array (CAPA)-based Communications
Z. Wang, C. Ouyang, and Y. Liu
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2025
Sensing Systems
- Extended-Target Classification and Localization for Near-Field ISAC
Z. Zhao, Z. Wang, L. Han, J. Jin, Y. Liu, and K. Huang
arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.23093, 2026
- Cramér-Rao Bound Optimization for
Near-Field Sensing with Continuous-Aperture Arrays
H. Jiang, Z. Wang, Y. Liu, and
A. Nallanathan
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2026
- Optimal Waveform Design for Continuous Aperture
Array (CAPA)-aided ISAC Systems
J. Ye, Z. Wang, Y. Liu, P. Zhang, L. Huang, and A.
Nallanathan
arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.20203, 2025
- Joint DOA and Attitude Sensing Based on
Tri-Polarized Continuous Aperture Array
H. Si, Z. Wang, X. Guo, J. Zhang, and Y.
Liu
arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.02029, 2025
- DOA Estimation via Continuous Aperture Arrays: MUSIC
and CRLB
H. Si, Z. Wang, X. Guo, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu
arXiv preprint
arXiv:2507.21347, 2025